Short Note on Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Here is a long and  Short Note o

Short Note on Raja Ram Mohan Roy

n Raja Ram Mohan Roy written in a clear and engaging style suitable for school or college-level understanding:

Raja Ram Mohan Roy – The Father of Indian Renaissance

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was one of the most prominent social reformers and intellectuals of 19th-century India. Often hailed as the “Father of the Indian Renaissance” and the “Maker of Modern India”, he played a crucial role in awakening Indian society from the darkness of superstitions, orthodox beliefs, and outdated customs.

Early Life and Education

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born on 22 May 1772 in Radhanagar, a small village in Hooghly district, West Bengal. His father, Ramakanta Roy, was a wealthy Brahmin, deeply religious and orthodox. His mother, Tarini Devi, was also a devout woman. From a young age, Roy was intellectually curious and had a sharp mind.

He studied Sanskrit, Persian, and Arabic, and later learned English, Greek, Latin, and Hebrew. His exposure to diverse languages and religious texts helped him develop a broad and rational perspective on religion and society. He studied the Vedas, Upanishads, Quran, and Bible, which helped him form a comparative and critical understanding of various religions.

Social Reforms and Campaigns

Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s greatest contribution was in the field of social reform. He was deeply disturbed by the evils of society, such as:

• Sati Pratha (the burning of widows on the funeral pyres of their husbands)
• Child marriage
• Caste discrimination
• Polygamy
• Superstitions and blind faith
• Abolition of Sati
• Religious Reforms
• The Brahmo Samaj aimed to
• Promote monotheism (belief in one God)
• Discourage idol worship
• Encourage rational and moral living
• Oppose caste-based discrimination

His most well-known and successful campaign was against the inhuman practice of Sati. He worked relentlessly to educate people, raise awareness, and lobby the British government. His efforts bore fruit when Lord William Bentinck passed the Bengal Sati Regulation Act in 1829, which made Sati illegal and punishable.
Ram Mohan Roy was a great believer in the oneness of God. He rejected idol worship, meaningless rituals, and the dominance of priests in religion. To promote his ideas, he founded the Atmiya Sabha in 1814, and later the Brahmo Samaj in 1828.


The Brahmo Samaj became a powerful platform for religious and social reform and influenced many future reformers like Keshab Chandra Sen and Debendranath Tagore.

Contribution to Education

Raja Ram Mohan Roy strongly believed that education was the key to enlightenment and progress. He advocated for modern, scientific, and rational education. He supported the teaching of English, science, mathematics, and philosophy, rather than traditional religious texts alone.

He helped establish the Hindu College in 1817 (now Presidency College).

He founded the Anglo-Vedic School and Vedanta College, where both Indian and Western subjects were taught.

Political and Economic Ideas

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was also one of the earliest Indian thinkers to talk about political and civil rights. He opposed unjust taxation and revenue policies of the British. He demanded freedom of speech, equality before the law, and protection of property rights. He was also against the practice of sending large sums of Indian money to Britain.

Later Life and Death

In 1830, Raja Ram Mohan Roy traveled to England as an ambassador of the Mughal Emperor Akbar II to appeal for the pension rights of the Emperor. He also used this opportunity to spread his ideas about India in the West and to advocate for reforms. Sadly, he died of meningitis on 27 September 1833 in Bristol, England.

Legacy

Raja Ram Mohan Roy's contributions laid the foundation for modern Indian society. His work inspired generations of reformers, thinkers, and freedom fighters. His legacy lives on through:

• The Brahmo Samaj movement
• Educational institutions
• Progressive laws and reforms
• The awakening of rational thought and human rights in IndiaConclusion

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a visionary, far ahead of his time. He combined Indian spiritual values with Western rationalism, creating a unique path for reform and progress. His fight against social evils, his passion for education, and his vision of a just and equal society make him a true pioneer of modern India.

He didn’t just dream of a better India—he fought fearlessly to build it.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy – Bharat ke Samaj Sudharak aur Modern Bharat ke Janak

Raja Ram Mohan Roy ko “Father of Indian Renaissance” aur “Maker of Modern India” kaha jata hai. Unka jeevan samarpit tha purane, andhvishwasi samaj ko jagane aur naye soch ki neev rakhne mein. Unhone apne samay ke kai bure rivaazon ke khilaaf awaaz uthai aur ek sudhare hue, samvedansheel samaj ka sapna dekha.

Early Life aur Education 

Raja Ram Mohan Roy ka janm 22 May 1772 ko Radhanagar, Hooghly (West Bengal) mein ek samriddh aur orthodox Brahmin parivaar mein hua. Unke pita Ramakanta Roy aur mata Tarini Devi dono hi dharmik the.

Bachpan se hi unmein padhai likhai ka shauk tha. Unhone Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian seekha aur baad mein English, Latin, Greek bhi padhe. Isliye unka dharohar aur drishtikon dono hi Eastern aur Western cultures se prabhavit tha. Unhone Vedas, Upanishads, Quran aur Bible padhi, jisse unka drishtikon aur bhi broad ho gaya.

Social Sudhar ke Kaam

Raja Ram Mohan Roy ne kai samajik buraiyon ke khilaf struggle kiya. Kuch main  buraiyan bhi thi jinse woh pareshan the:

• Sati Pratha – Jismein patni ko pati ke marne ke baad zinda jala diya jata tha
• Bal vivah
• Caste bhedbhaav
• Polygamy (ek se zyada shaadi)
• Andhvishwas aur jaadu-tona
• Sati Pratha ka Virodh

Unka sabse bada aur prabhavit andolan Sati pratha ke khilaf tha. Unhone logon ko educate kiya, social awareness badhayi, aur British sarkar par dabav banaya. Aakhirkaar, Lord William Bentinck ke samay 1829 mein Sati ko illegal declare kar diya gaya.

Religion Improvement 

Raja Ram Mohan Roy ne ek Eeshwar (monotheism) mein vishwas kiya. Unka manna tha ki murti-puja aur rituals bina soche samjhe follow karne se samaj peeche reh jaata hai.

Unhone 1814 mein Atmiya Sabha banayi.

1828 mein Brahmo Samaj ki sthaapna ki

Brahmo Samaj ke mukhya uddeshya the:

• Ek Ishwar mein vishwas
• Murti-puja ki mukhalfat
• Caste system ki mukhalfat
• Moral aur rational zindagi jeena

Yeh ek progressive dharmik andolan tha jiska asar aane wale kai samaj sudharkon par pada.

Education ke Field mein Contribution:

Raja Ram Mohan Roy ko lagta tha ki agar Bharat ko aage badhna hai toh modern education zaroori hai. Unka dhyaan science, mathematics, English aur social studies par tha, sirf dharmik granthon par nahi.

Unke kuch main contribution:

Hindu College (1817) ko open karne mein help ki

Anglo-Vedic School aur Vedanta College ki sthaapna ki

Yeh sab institutions ne naye vichar aur practical gyaan dene mein bada role nibhaya.

Politics aur Economical Ideas 

Woh sirf samaj sudharak hi nahi, ek political thinker bhi the. Unhone British rule ke unjust taxes aur policies ka virodh kiya. Unhone:

• Freedom of speech

• Law ke samne sab barabar

• Property rights jaise adhikaron ki maang ki

Unka kehna tha ki Bharat ka paisa Bharat mein hi invest hona chahiye, na ki angrez apne desh bhejein.

Last Days aur Death 

1830 mein Raja Ram Mohan Roy England gaye Mughal Badshah Akbar II ke rajdhoot ke roop mein. Vahan unhone Bharat ke muddon ko samjhaane ki koshish ki.

Par 1833 mein unki Bristol, England mein meningitis se mrityu ho gayi.

Viraasat (Legacy)

Raja Ram Mohan Roy ka jeevan aur kaarya ek misaal hai. Unki wajah se:

• Sati jaise atyachar khatam hue
• Brahmo Samaj jaise andolan shuru hue
• Education aur samaj mein progress huyi
• Bhartiya samaj mein ek nayi soch ne janm liya

Unhone jo beej boya, usne aage chal kar Bharatiya punarjagran ko janam diya.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy ek visionary thinker the, jinhone dharmik, samajik, aur shiksha ke kshetron mein ek naye daur ki shuruaat ki. Unhone andhvishwason se ladkar scientific thinking, tolerance, aur insaniyat ka path dikhaya.

Wo sirf ek sapne dekhne wale nahi the — wo ek krantikari the jinhone naye Bharat ka raasta tayar kiya.

 Short Note on Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a great social reformer, thinker, and the father of the Indian Renaissance. He was born on 22 May 1772 in Radhanagar, Bengal. He was deeply influenced by modern ideas, as well as Indian traditions.

Roy strongly opposed social evils like sati pratha (burning of widows), child marriage, and caste discrimination. He played a major role in the abolition of sati in 1829, with the help of the British Governor-General Lord William Bentinck.

He believed in education, reason, and scientific thinking. To promote modern education, he founded the Hindu College (with others) and Brahmo Samaj in 1828, a reformist religious movement that preached monotheism and rejected idol worship.

He was also a scholar of many languages including Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, and English. His writings helped spread the message of social equality and justice.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy died in 1833 in England, but his legacy lives on. He is remembered as a pioneer who laid the foundation for modern India.